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Excess Deaths Associated with Rheumatic Heart Disease, Australia, 2013-2017

During 2013–2017, the mortality rate ratio for rheumatic heart disease among Indigenous versus non-Indigenous persons in Australia was 15.9, reflecting health inequity. Using excess mortality methods, we found that deaths associated with rheumatic heart disease among Indigenous Australians were probably substantially undercounted, affecting accuracy of calculations based solely on Australian Bureau of Statistics data.

Children's Anxiety in the Perioperative Environment: A Qualitative Exploration With Children, Parents and Staff at a Tertiary Paediatric Hospital

Perioperative anxiety is a common and distressing aspect of anaesthesia for many children, resulting in management challenges at the time of anaesthesia and potential physical and psychological adverse outcomes. We conducted this qualitative phenomenological study to explore the perspectives of children, parents and staff on perioperative anxiety in our institution. Planned recruitment was 20 each of children who had undergone elective anaesthesia, their parents and staff. 

Parent-Child Interactions May Help to Explain Relations Between Parent Characteristics and Clinically Observed Child Autistic Behaviours

The importance of supporting parent-child interactions has been noted in the context of prodromal autism, but little consideration has been given to the possible contributing role of parental characteristics, such as psychological distress. This cross-sectional study tested models in which parent-child interaction variables mediated relations between parent characteristics and child autistic behaviour in a sample of families whose infant demonstrated early signs of autism.

Converting the maybes: Crucial for a successful COVID-19 vaccination strategy

Broad community acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccination will be critical for effectively halting the spread of the virus. In this study, we focus on factors that differentiate those who are undecided from those who are either willing or unwilling to accept a prospective COVID-19 vaccine. An online survey in May 2020 assessed Australian adults' willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine (yes, maybe, no). A multinomial logistical regression of responses (N = 1,313) was used to identify correlates of vaccine willingness between the three groups.

Vitamin and mineral supplements: Gut health and probiotics: Probiotics for a healthy microbiome: An evidence-based approach to appropriate product choice

This review discusses the available evidence base to help provide practical guidance when considering probiotics in practice

The all-age spirometry reference ranges reflect contemporary Australasian spirometry

Advances in statistical modelling have allowed the creation of smoothly changing spirometry reference ranges that apply across a wide age range and better...

Self-citation in American Physiological Society Journals

This study investigates the incidence of self-citation (authors citing their own work) for scholarly articles in ten journals published by the American...

$1 million funding boost to help Aboriginal kids with skin infections

Thanks to a $1 million funding grant, Dr Asha Bowen from The Kids Research Institute Australia is on track to change Aboriginal children's skin infection statistics.

Adolescent dietary patterns are associated with lifestyle and family psychosocial factors

Few studies have examined the dietary patterns of adolescents and the social and environmental factors that may affect them during this life stage.

Forest cover and climate as potential drivers for dengue fever in Sumatra and Kalimantan 2006–2016: a spatiotemporal analysis

Dengue fever in Sumatra and Kalimantan was highly seasonal and associated with climate factors and deforestation